IPLab:Lab 8:Poliomyelitis: Difference between revisions - Pathology Education Instructional Resource

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== Clinical Summary ==

Six days before his death, this 31-year-old white male became acutely ill with fever followed by an ascending paralysis which began in his feet. Three days later he was hospitalized because of difficulty in breathing. A lumbar puncture was performed and the patient's spinal fluid contained increased protein and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (4.30 PMNs/~~cmm~~). He died on the third hospital day.

Six days before his death, this 31-year-old white male became acutely ill with fever followed by an ascending paralysis which began in his feet. Three days later he was hospitalized because of difficulty in breathing. A lumbar puncture was performed and the patient's spinal fluid contained increased protein and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (4.30 PMNs/mm³). He died on the third hospital day.

== Autopsy Findings ==

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File:IPLab8Polio5.jpg|This is another high-power photomicrograph of the anterior horn with inflammatory cell infiltrate and total loss of neurons.

</gallery>

== Virtual Microscopy ==

=== Poliomyelitis ===

<peir-vm>IPLab8Polio</peir-vm>

=== Normal Spinal Cord ===

<peir-vm>IPLab8Polio-Normal_cord</peir-vm>

== Study Questions ==

* <spoiler text="How does poliovirus cause cell death?">Poliovirus replicates inside neurons and causes lysis of the cell.</spoiler>

* <spoiler text="What is the mode of transmission of poliovirus?">Poliovirus is an enterovirus that is usually acquired from contaminated water. It has been effectively controlled by immunization; however, among the nonimmune it causes a nonspecific gastroenteritis. In a small fraction of the vulnerable population, it can invade the nervous system where it attacks lower motor neurons.</spoiler>

== Additional Resources ==

=== Reference ===

* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967950-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Pediatric Poliomyelitis]

* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious_diseases/enteroviruses/poliomyelitis.html Merck Manual: Poliomyelitis]

* [http://www.polioeradication.org/ The WHO: Global Polio Eradication Initiative]

=== Journal Articles ===

* Alexander L, Birkhead G, Guerra F, Helms C, Hinman A, Katz S, LeBaron CW, Modlin J, Murphy TV; National Vaccine Advisory Committee-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Joint Working Group; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15583093 Ensuring preparedness for potential poliomyelitis outbreaks: recommendations for the US poliovirus vaccine stockpile from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)]. ''Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med'' 2004 Dec;158(12):1106-12.

=== Images ===

* [{{SERVER}}/library/index.php?/tags/2149-polio PEIR Digital Library: Polio Images]

* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/CNSHTML/CNSIDX.html#7 WebPath: CNS Pathology: Acquired and Congenital Degenerative Diseases]

[[Category: IPLab:Lab 8]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 == Clinical Summary ==
-Six days before his death, this 31-year-old white male became acutely ill with fever followed by an ascending paralysis which began in his feet. Three days later he was hospitalized because of difficulty in breathing. A lumbar puncture was performed and the patient's spinal fluid contained increased protein and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (4.30 PMNs/cmm). He died on the third hospital day.
+Six days before his death, this 31-year-old white male became acutely ill with fever followed by an ascending paralysis which began in his feet. Three days later he was hospitalized because of difficulty in breathing. A lumbar puncture was performed and the patient's spinal fluid contained increased protein and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (4.30 PMNs/mm³). He died on the third hospital day.
 == Autopsy Findings ==
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 File:IPLab8Polio5.jpg|This is another high-power photomicrograph of the anterior horn with inflammatory cell infiltrate and total loss of neurons.
 </gallery>
+== Virtual Microscopy ==
+=== Poliomyelitis ===
+<peir-vm>IPLab8Polio</peir-vm>
+=== Normal Spinal Cord ===
+<peir-vm>IPLab8Polio-Normal_cord</peir-vm>
 == Study Questions ==
 * <spoiler text="How does poliovirus cause cell death?">Poliovirus replicates inside neurons and causes lysis of the cell.</spoiler>
 * <spoiler text="What is the mode of transmission of poliovirus?">Poliovirus is an enterovirus that is usually acquired from contaminated water. It has been effectively controlled by immunization; however, among the nonimmune it causes a nonspecific gastroenteritis. In a small fraction of the vulnerable population, it can invade the nervous system where it attacks lower motor neurons.</spoiler>
+== Additional Resources ==
+=== Reference ===
+* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967950-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Pediatric Poliomyelitis]
+* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious_diseases/enteroviruses/poliomyelitis.html Merck Manual: Poliomyelitis]
+* [http://www.polioeradication.org/ The WHO: Global Polio Eradication Initiative]
+=== Journal Articles ===
+* Alexander L, Birkhead G, Guerra F, Helms C, Hinman A, Katz S, LeBaron CW, Modlin J, Murphy TV; National Vaccine Advisory Committee-Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Joint Working Group; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15583093 Ensuring preparedness for potential poliomyelitis outbreaks: recommendations for the US poliovirus vaccine stockpile from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)].  ''Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med'' 2004 Dec;158(12):1106-12.
+=== Images ===
+* [{{SERVER}}/library/index.php?/tags/2149-polio PEIR Digital Library: Polio Images]
+* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/CNSHTML/CNSIDX.html#7 WebPath: CNS Pathology: Acquired and Congenital Degenerative Diseases]
 {{IPLab 8}}
 [[Category: IPLab:Lab 8]]