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→Autopsy Findings
== Clinical Summary ==
This 71-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with dry gangrene of the left great toe. Subsequently, he was found to have a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the left upper lobe of the lung. He developed a perforation of a duodenal ulcer with generalized peritonitis and died five days after admission.
== Images ==
File:IPLab4AtheromatousEmboli6.jpg|A mesenteric artery also had an atherosclerotic embolus. Again note the cholesterol clefts and thrombotic material that occlude this artery.
</gallery>
== Virtual Microscopy ==
=== Kidney: Atheromatous Emboli ===
<peir-vm>IPLab4AtheromatousEmboli</peir-vm>
=== Normal Kidney ===
<peir-vm>UAB-Histology-00114</peir-vm>
== Study Questions ==
* <spoiler text="What happens when atherosclerotic material embolizes?">When the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures collagen, cholesterol esters and necrotic material are exposed to the blood stream. This initiates thrombus formation. So, in addition to the cholesterol embolizing to distal vessels, thrombosis is also initiated and can obstruct vessels.</spoiler>
* <spoiler text="What other types of material can embolize and cause clinical problems?">Probably 99% of all emboli are thromboemboli. Other materials that can embolize are: fragments of bone or bone marrow, fat, tumor cells, foreign bodies such as bullets, and bubbles of air or nitrogen.</spoiler>
== Additional Resources ==
=== Reference ===
* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1950759-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Noncoronary Atherosclerosis]
* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/460428-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Cholesterol Embolism]
* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/hematology_and_oncology/thrombotic_disorders/overview_of_thrombotic_disorders.html Merck Manual: Thrombotic Disorders]
=== Journal Articles ===
* Scolari F, Ravani P. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20381857 Atheroembolic renal disease]. ''Lancet'' 2010 May 8;375(9726):1650-60.
=== Images ===
* [{{SERVER}}/library/index.php?/tags/52-kidney PEIR Digital Library: Kidney Images]
* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/ATHHTML/ATHIDX.html WebPath: Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis]
* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/CVHTML/CVIDX.html WebPath: Cardiovascular Pathology]
* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/RENAHTML/RENALIDX.html WebPath: Renal Pathology]
== Related IPLab Cases ==
* [[IPLab:Lab 1:Kidney Infarction|Lab 1: Kidney: Infarction (Coagulative Necrosis)]]
{{IPLab 4}}
[[Category: IPLab:Lab 4]]