IPLab:Lab 9:Clostridial Myonecrosis - Revision history

Seung Park at 16:32, 3 January 2014

2014-01-03T16:32:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:32, 3 January 2014
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	File:IPLab9Clostridium7.jpg\|This is a high-power photomicrograph of a tissue section stained with a tissue Gram's stain (Brown & Brenn). The Gram-positive bacilli can be seen throughout this tissue section.		File:IPLab9Clostridium7.jpg\|This is a high-power photomicrograph of a tissue section stained with a tissue Gram's stain (Brown & Brenn). The Gram-positive bacilli can be seen throughout this tissue section.
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			== Virtual Microscopy ==
			<peir-vm>IPLab9Clostridium</peir-vm>

	== Study Questions ==		== Study Questions ==

Seung Park: /* Images */

2013-08-30T01:44:06Z

Images

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:44, 29 August 2013
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	=== Images ===		=== Images ===
	* [~~http://peir.path.uab.edu~~/library/index.php?/tags/167-clostridium_infection PEIR Digital Library: Clostridium Infection]		* [{{SERVER}}/library/index.php?/tags/167-clostridium_infection PEIR Digital Library: Clostridium Infection Images]
	* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFLHTML/INFLIDX.html WebPath: Inflammation]		* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFLHTML/INFLIDX.html WebPath: Inflammation]

Seung Park at 00:51, 26 August 2013

2013-08-26T00:51:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:51, 25 August 2013
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	== Clinical Summary ==		== Clinical Summary ==
	This 68-year-old white male with insulin-dependent diabetes was admitted one day before his death. The chief complaints were the occurrence of chills and fever since passing a kidney stone two days earlier. In the last day, the right leg had become swollen. The most striking physical findings were redness of the right posterior calf and crepitance in both legs. The patient's white blood cell count was found to be 34,000 cells/~~cmm~~ and the packed red blood cell volume (PCV) was 18%. Within hours, the right calf became tense and the crepitance spread up to the nipple line. The patient vomited, aspirated the vomitus, and died 10 hours after admission.		This 68-year-old white male with insulin-dependent diabetes was admitted one day before his death. The chief complaints were the occurrence of chills and fever since passing a kidney stone two days earlier. In the last day, the right leg had become swollen. The most striking physical findings were redness of the right posterior calf and crepitance in both legs. The patient's white blood cell count was found to be 34,000 cells/mm³ and the packed red blood cell volume (PCV) was 18%. Within hours, the right calf became tense and the crepitance spread up to the nipple line. The patient vomited, aspirated the vomitus, and died 10 hours after admission.

	== Images ==		== Images ==

Seung Park: /* Related IPLab Cases */

2013-08-24T02:13:51Z

Related IPLab Cases

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:13, 23 August 2013
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	* [http://peir.path.uab.edu/library/index.php?/tags/167-clostridium_infection PEIR Digital Library: Clostridium Infection]		* [http://peir.path.uab.edu/library/index.php?/tags/167-clostridium_infection PEIR Digital Library: Clostridium Infection]
	* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFLHTML/INFLIDX.html WebPath: Inflammation]		* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFLHTML/INFLIDX.html WebPath: Inflammation]

	~~== Related IPLab Cases ==~~


	{{IPLab 9}}		{{IPLab 9}}

	[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]		[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]

Seung Park: /* Images */

2013-08-24T02:13:41Z

Images

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:13, 23 August 2013
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	=== Images ===		=== Images ===
			* [http://peir.path.uab.edu/library/index.php?/tags/167-clostridium_infection PEIR Digital Library: Clostridium Infection]
			* [http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/INFLHTML/INFLIDX.html WebPath: Inflammation]

	== Related IPLab Cases ==		== Related IPLab Cases ==

Seung Park: /* Journal Articles */

2013-08-24T02:12:53Z

Journal Articles

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:12, 23 August 2013
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	* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/217943-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Gas Gangrene]		* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/217943-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Gas Gangrene]
	* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial_infections/gas_gangrene.html Merck Manual: Gas Gangrene]		* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial_infections/gas_gangrene.html Merck Manual: Gas Gangrene]

	~~=== Journal Articles ===~~


	=== Images ===		=== Images ===

Seung Park: /* Reference */

2013-08-24T02:11:25Z

Reference

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:11, 23 August 2013
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	== Additional Resources ==		== Additional Resources ==
	=== Reference ===		=== Reference ===
			* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/214992-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Clostridial Gas Gangrene]
			* [http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/217943-overview eMedicine Medical Library: Gas Gangrene]
			* [http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/bacterial_infections/gas_gangrene.html Merck Manual: Gas Gangrene]

	=== Journal Articles ===		=== Journal Articles ===

Seung Park at 04:23, 23 August 2013

2013-08-23T04:23:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:23, 22 August 2013
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	Theta toxin binds cholesterol and forms a membrane-destabilizing pore that causes leukocyte lysis, explaining the paucity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the lesions of gas gangrene.</spoiler>		Theta toxin binds cholesterol and forms a membrane-destabilizing pore that causes leukocyte lysis, explaining the paucity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the lesions of gas gangrene.</spoiler>

			== Additional Resources ==
			=== Reference ===


			=== Journal Articles ===


			=== Images ===


			== Related IPLab Cases ==


	{{IPLab 9}}		{{IPLab 9}}

	[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]		[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]

Seung Park at 15:59, 21 August 2013

2013-08-21T15:59:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:59, 21 August 2013
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	File:IPLab9Clostridium7.jpg\|This is a high-power photomicrograph of a tissue section stained with a tissue Gram's stain (Brown & Brenn). The Gram-positive bacilli can be seen throughout this tissue section.		File:IPLab9Clostridium7.jpg\|This is a high-power photomicrograph of a tissue section stained with a tissue Gram's stain (Brown & Brenn). The Gram-positive bacilli can be seen throughout this tissue section.
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			== Study Questions ==
			* <spoiler text="What organism causes myonecrosis (gas gangrene)?">Clostridium perfringens invades traumatic or surgical wounds and causes an anaerobic cellulitis or myonecrosis (gas gangrene). Clostridium species are gram-positive bacilli that grow under anaerobic conditions and produce spores which are frequently present in the soil.</spoiler>
			* <spoiler text="What are some of the factors that help Clostridium perfringens produce such a fulminant anaerobic cellulitis?">Clostridia release collagenase and hyaluronidase that degrade the extracellular matrix proteins (collagen and elastin) which make up the connective tissue between muscle bundles. This allows the bacteria to migrate and invade along fascial planes.

			C. perfringens secrete 12 toxins, the most important of which is alpha toxin. Alpha toxin is a phospholipase C that degrades lecithin, a major component of cell membranes, and thus destroys red blood cells, platelets, and muscle cells, causing myonecrosis.

			Alpha toxin also has a sphingomyelinase activity that contributes to nerve-sheath damage.

			Theta toxin binds cholesterol and forms a membrane-destabilizing pore that causes leukocyte lysis, explaining the paucity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the lesions of gas gangrene.</spoiler>

	{{IPLab 9}}		{{IPLab 9}}

	[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]		[[Category: IPLab:Lab 9]]

Seung Park at 14:38, 21 August 2013

2013-08-21T14:38:35Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:38, 21 August 2013
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			== Clinical Summary ==
			This 68-year-old white male with insulin-dependent diabetes was admitted one day before his death. The chief complaints were the occurrence of chills and fever since passing a kidney stone two days earlier. In the last day, the right leg had become swollen. The most striking physical findings were redness of the right posterior calf and crepitance in both legs. The patient's white blood cell count was found to be 34,000 cells/cmm and the packed red blood cell volume (PCV) was 18%. Within hours, the right calf became tense and the crepitance spread up to the nipple line. The patient vomited, aspirated the vomitus, and died 10 hours after admission.

	== Images ==		== Images ==
	<gallery heights="250px" widths="250px">		<gallery heights="250px" widths="250px">